Topic: Capitalism

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πŸ”— Surveillance Capitalism

πŸ”— International relations πŸ”— Mass surveillance πŸ”— Internet πŸ”— History πŸ”— Computing πŸ”— Internet culture πŸ”— Economics πŸ”— Law πŸ”— Business πŸ”— Politics πŸ”— International relations/International law πŸ”— Sociology πŸ”— Futures studies πŸ”— Capitalism πŸ”— Globalization πŸ”— Google

Surveillance capitalism has a number of meanings around the commodification of personal information. Since 2014, social psychologist Shoshana Zuboff has used and popularized the term.

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πŸ”— Authoritarian Capitalism

πŸ”— Capitalism

Authoritarian capitalism, or illiberal capitalism, is an economic system in which a capitalist market economy exists alongside an authoritarian government. Related to and overlapping with state capitalism, a system in which the state undertakes commercial activity, authoritarian capitalism combines private property and the functioning of market forces with repression of dissent, restrictions on freedom of speech and either a lack of elections or an electoral system with a single dominant political party.

Political scientists disagree on the long-run sustainability of authoritarian capitalism, with arguments both for and against the long-term viability of political repression alongside a free-market capitalist economic system.

Countries commonly referred to as being authoritarian capitalist states include China since the economic reforms, Hungary under Viktor OrbÑn, Russia under Vladimir Putin, Singapore under Lee Kuan Yew and Turkey under Recep Tayyip Erdoğan as well as fascist regimes and military dictatorships during the Cold War. Nazi Germany has also been described as authoritarian capitalist.

πŸ”— Late Capitalism

πŸ”— Economics πŸ”— Business πŸ”— Politics πŸ”— Socialism πŸ”— Sociology πŸ”— Capitalism πŸ”— Conservatism πŸ”— Politics/Liberalism

Late capitalism, late-stage capitalism, or end-stage capitalism is a term first used in print by German economist Werner Sombart around the turn of the 20th century. In the late 2010s, the term began to be used in the United States and Canada to refer to perceived absurdities, contradictions, crises, injustices, inequality, and exploitation created by modern business development.

Later capitalism refers to the historical epoch since 1940, including the post–World War II economic expansion called the "golden age of capitalism". The expression already existed for a long time in continental Europe, before it gained popularity in the English-speaking world through the English translation of Ernest Mandel's book Late Capitalism, published in 1975.

The German original edition of Mandel's work was subtitled in "an attempt at an explanation", meaning that Mandel tried to provide an orthodox Marxist explanation of the post-war epoch in terms of Marx's theory of the capitalist mode of production. Mandel suggested that important qualitative changes occurred within the capitalist system during and after World War II and that there are limits to capitalist development.

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